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UTSA study examines causes, consequences of 2015 Wimberly, Texas floods
[image: New UTSA study examines the causes and consequences of the 2015
Wimberley floods]

(Jan. 29, 2018) -- A new study by *Chad Furl*, postdoctoral research
associate, and *Hatim Sharif*, professor of civil and environmental
engineering at The University of Texas at San Antonio, delves into the 2015
Wimberley, Texas floods that destroyed 350 homes and claimed 13 lives. Furl
and Sharif researched the factors that led to the catastrophic flooding and
shed light on new ways people in flood-prone areas can protect against
future tragedies.

On Memorial Day weekend in 2015, the Blanco River rose to a record 40 feet.
The swift rise of the water is known as a flash flood, a term familiar to
Texans. The Texas Hill Country, where Wimberly is located, is known as
“Flash Flood Alley” because it leads North America as the most flash-flood
prone region.

The rugged landscape tends to contribute to this moniker, in addition to
urbanization. As natural areas become more and more developed, floods
become more likely to occur because accumulating rainwater slides off
concrete structures with nowhere to go, whereas plants and soil absorb that
moisture. Furl and Sharif also say that flash floods are common in Texas
due to its two heavy rain seasons in spring and fall that cause the soil to
become oversaturated with rainwater.

“The flooding that occurred in Wimberley in 2015 were not at all
uncharacteristic of the region,” Sharif said. “It had rained heavily
earlier in the month, so the soil was already soaked. It couldn’t absorb
any more rainwater.”

Another significant contribution to the tragic floods was the movement of
the storm over Wimberley and neighboring areas around the Blanco River.

“The storm began upstream and moved downstream, with the water,” said
Sharif. “This is very important, because in a way the river and the storm
were working together by moving in the same direction. As a result, the
water became faster and higher because it was being fed in the perfect way
by this storm.”

Furl and Sharif’s study additionally points out that 2015 was an
unprecedented year for flooding, breaking several records. However, the
researchers also saw those new records broken again in 2016 and 2017, and
call for more attention to be paid to these clear, unsettling warning signs.

“We saw catastrophic flooding in Houston and elsewhere just last year,”
said Sharif. “The winds of Hurricane Harvey didn’t cause that devastation.
It was the 275 trillion pounds of water that dented the crust of the Earth
in the Houston area.”

Civil engineers like Furl and Sharif use the terms “500-year storm” and
“100-year storm” to refer to weather events that measure the probability of
a similar disaster happening in the future. In the past five years, Flash
Flood Alley has seen two “500-year storms” and one “300-year storm.” The
researchers call for better storm preparations in light of this revelation,
to allow for blocking roads and evacuation of residents.

“We need to do better for our citizens,” said Sharif. “We can use
innovation and insight to prevent more tragedies. It’s absolutely within
our grasp.”

- Joanna Carver <joanna.carver at utsa.edu>
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